OCTG pipes

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Oil country tubular goods or as also known as OCTG pipe are a family of seamless rolled products. These products consist of a drill pipe, as well as octg tubing and casing all of which have been subjected to loading conditions depending on their specific application.

The octg casing lines a borehole. This casing is subject to axial tension by its dead weight, in addition to the internal pressure by fluid purging, as well as the external pressure applied by the surrounding rock formations. The casing is particularly exposed to axial tension and the internal pressure occurred by the pumping of oil or gas emulsion. On the other hand, an octg tube is essentially is a pipe through which the media such as oil or gas is conveyed from the wellbore. Segments of the octg tubing are generally around 30 ft or 9 m in length with a threaded connection on each end.

An octg drill pipe is a heavy seamless tube which has the ability to rotate the drill bit while it circulates drilling fluid. Pipe segments 30 ft in length are frequently coupled with tool joints. A Threaded Drill Pipe is simultaneously subjected to axial tension by its dead weight, high torque by drilling, as well as internal pressure when drilling fluid has been purged. Additionally, changing the bending loads in a sequence due to non-vertical or deflected drilling could be superimposed on these basic loading patterns.

 

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The term Oil Country Tubular Goods describes tubes that are used in oil and gas production: As a rule these include drill pipe, casing and tubing

 

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Product:	Casing Pipe, Oil Casing, API Casing, Well Casing, Casing
Application:	Used for oil casing and tubing in oil wells as well as sidewall
Size:	OD: 114.3mm-508mm
	WT: 5-16mm
	LENGTH: R1, R2, R3
Pipe Standard:	API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 J55,K55,N80-1,N80-Q,
	API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 L80-1, L80-9Cr,L80-13Cr,C90, C95, P110, Q125
Thread:	NUE, EUE, VAM, STC, LTC, BTC, XC, VAM TOP, NEW VAM,HYDRILL CS
Special Service	Sweet Service, Sour Service, Anti-H2S, NACE MR0175/ISO15156
Type of threading of the pipe:	STC, LTC, BTC, WSP-1T
Tubing Pipe length:	R3 10.36-12.20 (34″-40″)
Accessories:	Pup Joint, Coupling, Drill Collar, Crossover etc.

 

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Product:	Tubing Pipe, Oil Tubing, API Tubing Well Tubing, Tubing
Application:	Used for extracing Oil or Gas from Wells
Size:	OD: 48.26mm-114.3mm
	WT: 3.18-16mm
	LENGTH: R1, R2, R3
Pipe Standard:	API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 J55,K55,N80-1,N80-Q,
	API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 L80-1, L80-9Cr,L80-13Cr,C90, C95, P110, Q125
Thread:	NUE, EUE, VAM, STC, LTC, BTC, XC, VAM TOP, NEW VAM,HYDRILL CS
Special Service	Sweet Service, Sour Service, Anti-H2S, NACE MR0175/ISO15156
Accessories:	Pup Joint, Coupling, Drill Collar, Crossover etc.

 

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Product:	Casing Pipe, Oil Casing, API Casing, Well Casing, Casing
Application:	Used for oil casing and tubing in oil wells as well as sidewall
Size:	OD: 114.3mm-508mm
	WT: 5-16mm
	LENGTH: R1, R2, R3
Pipe Standard:	API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 J55,K55,N80-1,N80-Q,
	API 5CT PSL1/PSL2 L80-1, L80-9Cr,L80-13Cr,C90, C95, P110, Q125
Thread:	NUE, EUE, VAM, STC, LTC, BTC, XC, VAM TOP, NEW VAM,HYDRILL CS
Special Service	Sweet Service, Sour Service, Anti-H2S, NACE MR0175/ISO15156
Accessories:	Pup Joint, Coupling, Drill Collar, Crossover etc.

 

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Product:	Casing and Tubing Coupling, Casing Coupling, Tubing Coupling
Application:	Used for connect 2 joints of tubing or casing
Size:	Tubing Coupling : 1.9'' - 4-1/2''
	Casing Couping : 4-1/2'' - 13-3/8''
Pipe Standard:	API 5CT and 5B PSL1/PSL2 J55,K55,N80-1,N80-Q,
	API 5CT and 5B L80-1,C90, C95,T95, P110, Q125
Surface:	Whole Phosphating or inside phosphating and outside coating
Thread:	NUE, EUE, VAM, STC, LTC, BTC, XC, VAM TOP, NEW VAM,HYDRILL CS
Special Service	Sweet Service, Sour Service, Anti-H2S, NACE MR0175/ISO15156
Packing:	By carton, wooden case, wooden pallet or requirement of customer

 

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Product:	Pup Joint, OCTG Pup Point
Application:	Pipe Cut into length used for connect 2 joints of tubing or casing
Size:	Tubing Coupling : 2-3/8'' - 4-1/2''
	Casing Couping : 4-1/2'' - 20'
	Length: 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12 ft
Pipe Standard:	API 5CT and 5B J55,K55,N80-1,N80-Q,P110, C95
Surface:	Coating
Thread:	BTC, LTC, STC
Special Service	Sweet Service, Sour Service, Anti-H2S, NACE MR0175/ISO15156
Packing:	By carton, wooden case, wooden pallet or requirement of customer

 

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OCTG casing pipe are a key structural component for an oil & gas well and have the following scope:

• Keep the borehole stability in the well
• Prevent the bore contamination from water sands
• Prevent water from producing formations
• Exercise a tight control of the wellbore pressures during the drilling, production, and repair operations

The six basic types of casing strings are:

• Conductor Casing
• Surface Casing
• Intermediate Casing
• Production Casing
• Liner
• Liner tieback casing

Dimensions and Materials

Casing pipe are available in a diameter range 4 1/2  to 20 inches, and in the following materials: H-40, J-55, K-55, N-80, L-80/C, 90/T, 95, P110, Q-125 – as discussed in more detail below.

End Connection Types

The main types of connections for casing pipe are STC (short threads), LTC (long threads), BTC (buttress threads) and premium gas-tight connections.

 

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Sizes and Materials

Tubing pipe are manufactured in seamless and welded execution, in the size range of 1.050 to 5 1/2 inches

End Connections

The main types of connections for tubing pipe are NUE (non-upset), EUE (external upset) and premium. Corrosion resistance under sour service conditions is a very important OCTG characteristic, especially for casing and tubing.

 

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Drill pipe is a heavy, seamless tube that rotates the drill bit and circulates drilling fluid. It allows the drilling fluid to be pumped through the bit and back up the annulus. Drill Pipe normally mean for the Durable steel pipe used in drilling, standards in API 5DP and API SPEC 7-1.

Product:	Drill Pipe
Application:	Used for Mine, water well drilling, well drilling, coal and fore poling
Size:	OD: 60.32mm-168.28mm
	WT: 6.45-12.7mm
	LENGTH: R1, R2, R3
Pipe Standard:	API 5DP E75, X95, G105, S135
Upset Style:	IU, EU, IEU
Connection:	NC26 - NC50, 5 1/2FH, 6 5/8FH
Internal coating	TK34,TC2000, Arnco 100XT, 200XT, 300XT

 

Tubing drill pipe ensure thread connections of various kinds including the following categories,

• Integral connections
• Extreme line
• Integral thread seal connections
• VAM premium connections
• Integral metal seal connections
• Coupled connections
• BTC
• API (STC and LTC)
• Threaded connections

 

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Steel Casing Pipe cost is lower than drill pipe or the OCTG tubing cost, it is usually higher 200 USD than the regular API 5L pipe. Considering the Threading + Coupling cost or the heating treatment.

 

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The manufacturing processes of casing and tubing pipe include:

• Continuous mandrel-rolling process and the push bench process for sizes between 21 and 178 mm OD.
• Plug mill rolling for sizes between 140 and 406 mm OD.
• Cross-roll piercing and Pilger rolling for sizes between 250 and 660 mm OD.

These processes typically do not allow the thermo-mechanical processing customary for the strip and plate products used for welded pipe.

 

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Note: P = plain end, S = short round thread, L = long round thread, B = buttress thread. Sizes per API 5CT specification

OCTG Casing Pipe Size API5CT	Weight Lb/ft	Outside Diameter		Wall Thickness		Type End Finish
						Grade
		ln.	mm	ln.	mm	H-40	J-55 K-55	M-65	L-80 C-95	N-80	C-90T-95	P-110	Q-125
10 3/4”	32.75	10.75	273.05	0.279	7.09	PS
	40.50	10.75	273.05	0.350	8.89	PS	PSB	PSB
	45.50	10.75	273.05	0.400	10.16		PSB	PSB
	51.00	10.75	273.05	0.450	11.43		PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB
	55.50	10.75	273.05	0.495	12.57			PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB
	60.70	10.75	273.05	0.545	13.84						PSB	PSB	PSB
	65.70	10.75	273.05	0.595	15.11						PSB	PSB	PSB
	73.20	10.75	273.05	0.672	17.07						P
	79.20	10.75	273.05	0.734	18.64						P
	85.30	10.75	273.05	0.797	20.24						P
11 3/4”	42.00	11.75	298.45	0.333	8.46	PS
	47.00	11.75	298.45	0.375	9.53		PSB	PSB
	54.00	11.75	298.45	0.435	11.05		PSB	PSB
	60.00	11.75	298.45	0.489	12.42		PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB
	65.00	11.75	298.45	0.534	13.56				P	P	P	P	P
	71.00	11.75	298.45	0.582	14.78				P	P	P	P	P
13 3/8”	48.00	13.375	339.73	0.330	8.38	PS
	54.50	13.375	339.73	0.380	9.65		PSB	PSB
	61.00	13.375	339.73	0.430	10.92		PSB	PSB
	68.00	13.375	339.73	0.480	12.19		PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB
	72.00	13.375	339.73	0.514	13.06				PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB	PSB
P-plain end；S-short round thread；L-long round thread；B-buttress thread

 

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Note: P = plain end, N = Non-upset thread and coupling, U = upset thread and coupling. Sizes per API 5CT specification

 

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Execution	Outer Diameter	Wall Thickness
Cold rolled	Tube sizes(mm)	Tolerances(mm)
＜114.3	±0.79	－12.5％
≥114.3	－0.5％，＋1％

 

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The most common materials for OCTG pipe are API H40, J55, K55, L80, N80, P110, and Q125 (casing and tubing pipe). These API grades feature increasing mechanical properties (tensile and yield strength).

The standards above govern the characteristics of OCTG when it comes to 

• Manufacturing methods
• Joints type and Length Range
• Wall thickness
• Casing Weights 
• Steel Grades
• Connection 
• Chemical Properties 
• Tensile Properties 

 

OCTG casing and tubing pipe are available in the following material grades:

 

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API H40 grade is for general purpose OCTG pipe material with the following mechanical properties:

Chemical Formula of API H40

	C	Mn	Mo	Cr	Ni	Cu	Ti	P	S	Si	V	Al
Min
Max								0.030	0.030

 

Mechanical Properties of API H40

Min Tensile Strength	414 MPa	60,000 psi min
Min Yield Strength	276 MPa	552 MPa max
	40,000 psi	80,000 psi max
Total Elongation Under Load	0.500 %

 

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The J55 API-5CT casing pipe is a comparatively low steel grade in oil drilling. It is widely applied to shallow oil and gas extraction.

 

API J55 Chemical Element

	C	Mn	Mo	Cr	Ni	Cu	Ti	P	S	Si	V	Al
Min
Max								0.030	0.030

 

API J55 Mechanical Characteristics

Min Tensile Strength	517 MPa	75,000 psi min
Min Yield Strength	379 MPa	552 MPa max
	55,000 psi	80,000 psi max
Total Elongation Under Load	0.500 %

 

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L80 belongs to steel grades group of the corrosion-resistant casing. L80 API oilfield casing pipe includes L80-1, L80-9Cr, and L80-13Cr. L80-1 is used in the H2S environment, while L80-9Cr and L80-13Cr are used in the CO2 environment.

 

Composition Standard of API L80

	C	Mn	Mo	Cr	Ni	Cu	Ti	P	S	Si	V	Al
Min
Max	0.430	1.900			0.250	0.350		0.030	0.030	0.450

 

Mechanical Strength Table API L80

Min Tensile Strength	655 MPa	95,000 psi min
Min Yield Strength	552 MPa	655 MPa max
	80,000 psi	95,000 psi max
Total Elongation Under Load	0.500 %
Hardness	23 Max HRC	241 Max HBW

 

Chemical Compatibility of 9Cr-L80

	C	Mn	Mo	Cr	Ni	Cu	Ti	P	S	Si	V	Al
Min		0.300	0.900	8.000

 

Mechanical Behaviour of 9Cr-L80

Min Tensile Strength	655 MPa	95,000 psi min
Min Yield Strength	552 MPa	655 MPa max
	80,000 psi	95,000 psi max
Total Elongation Under Load	0.500 %
Hardness	23 Max HRC	241 Max HBW

 

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API-5CT N80 oilfield casing pipe contains N80-1 and N80-Q types. Those two materials are absolutely consistent regarding the chemical composition and mechanical attributes, they are just variations in the heat treatment.

Composition chart Of API N80

	C	Mn	Mo	Cr	Ni	Cu	Ti	P	S	Si	V	Al
Min
Max								0.030	0.030

 

Mechanical Analysis Of API N80

Min Tensile Strength	689 MPa	100,000 psi min
Min Yield Strength	552 MPa	758 MPa max
	80,000 psi	110,000 psi max
Total Elongation Under Load	0.500 %
Hardness

 

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The P110 API-5CT steel casing pipe is the high grade amongst other grades of steel. The white band is marked on the finished casing to point out the materials.

 

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This API grade is generally used for deep wellbore service and not in sour condensate wells.

 

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The Premium Connection Series is a special range of casing tubing accessories that are manufactured and marketed by the Oil Country Tubular Goods Supply. 

• The Premium Connection Series that includes both tubing and casing parts are used large scale in high pressure oil wells.
• Casing tubing accessories of this series are used in the high pressure gas wells as well.
• Deep and over deep wells are another place where casing tubing parts of the Premium Connection Series find a very significant use.
• Drill accessories of this kind are used in high collapse wells and hot well-drilling wells as well.
• Drill pipe of this kind come in handy when digging oriented wells and specifically over-clint wells that are horizontally dug.

 

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All OCTG pipe have a standard requirement of dependable hardness. So whether it is OCTG tubing, OCTG pipe or OCTG drill pipe, there is a certain required standard which is always about super hardness. To meet the standard, manganese and chromium are used as the main alloys to confirm the cohesion and durability.

 

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Depending on the application, OCTG products could be of various steel grades and material composition. Both are affected by the following attributes and requirements:

• High Collapse
• Corrosion Resistant and Sour Services
• Pressure Resistant 
• Deep Wells 
• High Collapse & Sour Service
• Highly deviated wells 
• Extended Reach Wells 
• High Torque 

 

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